The following directory gathers a good many helpful online resources I have used or encountered during my research, and the links (not necessarily organized in accordance with strict taxonomy) are grouped as follows

Geometric Modeling Computer Aided Geometric Design, Differential Geometry, Computational Geometry, Solid Modeling Shape Representations Mesh, Spline, Point, Subdivision, Implicit Surface Artificial Intelligence Maching Learning, Statistical Shape Modeling Numerical Methods Finite Element Method, Boundary Element Method, Isogeometric Analysis, Mathematical Optimization, Numerical Analysis Computational Design/Manufacturing Mechanics, Manufacturing, Shape Optimization, Topology Optimization Software & Library Data Sets Miscellaneous

Geometric Modeling

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Computer Aided Geometric Design CAGD book - Farin CAGD notes -Sederberg Shape Interrogation for CADM (PDF) Geometric Modeling notes	Solid Modeling Geometric Modeling: A First Course Geometric and Solid Modeling Solid Modeling notes - Hoffmann Solid Modeling notes - Shapiro Solid Modeling notes - Sadimon Introduction to Solid Modeling notes
Differential Geometry Elementary DG - Raussen Introduction to DG - Robbin Comprehensive Introduction to DG - Spivak DG course notes - Koch Discrete DG forum (notes 1, notes 2) Differential Geometry for CS course	Computational Geometry Computational Geometry - d.Berg Computational Geometry in C - O'Rourke (Code) Graphics Gems (Code) Discrete and Computational Geometry Notes (Guibas, Mount, Shewchuck) Geometry in Action portal Computational Geometry Pages portal Computational Geometry portal

Shape Representations

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Mesh Polygon Mesh Processing Mesh based Modeling @Eurographics Elements of Geometry Processing (PDF) Mesh parameterization course (PDF) Mesh Deformation course (PDF) Mesh & Grid Generation portal	Spline Interative NURBS curve demo Interactive Introduction to Splines demos NURBS book (PDF) Computing with Geometry notes Geometric Modeling notes T-Spline	Point Point-Based Graphics Mark Pauly's thesis Point-Based Computer Graphics notes Point-Based Graphics portal
Subdivision Subdivision.ORG Subdivision Surface course (PDF) Subdivision Methods (notes) Subdivision course (Curves, Surfaces) Subdivision notes (Curve, Surface)	Implicit Surface Implicit Surfaces notes Implicit Surfaces & Plolygonization notes Implicit Surfaces notes Introduction to Implicit Surfaces (notes) Implicit surfaces notes

Artificial Intelligence

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Maching Learning Pattern Recognition & Machine Learning The Elements of Statistical Learning (PDF) Gaussian Processes for Machine Learning (PDF) Information Theory, Inference & Learning Algorithms (PDF) Machine Learning - Mitchell Introduction to Machine Learning - Alpaydin Introduction to Machine Learning - Smola Machine Learning @VideoLectures Deep Learning portal Artificial Intelligence portal

Statistical Shape Modeling Statistical Models of Shape - Davies Statistical Shape Analysis - Dryden Davies' thesis Shape Symposium on SSM Introduction to Active Shape Models - Cootes Statistical Modeling Theory notes A brief introduction notes Geometry of Non-Rigid Shapes notes In-the-Ear Hearing Aid Design thesis SSM for geometry reconstruction thesis Computing Correspondences @Eurographics

Numerical Methods

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Finite Element Method A First Course in Finite Elements The Finite Element Method Set Linear Static and Dynamic FEM Courses (MIT, UMich, UColorado) Notes (Papadopoulos, Liu) Internet FEM portal	Boundary Element Method BE: An Introductory Course BEM with Programming Symmetric Galerkin BEM A Beginner's Course in BEM FEM/BEM NOTES B-E-M	Isogeometric Analysis IGA textbook ICES reports IGA primer IGA 2014
Mathematical Optimization Introduction to Optimum Design Numerical Optimization Convex Optimization (PDF) Linear & Nonlinear Programming (PDF) Trust-Region Methods Practical Optimization (Animations) Optimization Online Global Optimization portal	Numerical Analysis Numerical Recipes(PDF) Holistic Numerical Methods Numerical Methods portal Net Resources portal

Computational Design and Manufacturing

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Mechanics Applied Mechanics of Solids Theory of Elasticity Strength of Materials Vol. 1, Vol. 2 Introduction to Continuum Mechanics Continuum Mechanics - Bower Continuum Mechanics - McGinty	Manufacturing Additive Manufacturing Technologies Principles of CAD/CAM/CAE Manufacturing Engineering & Technology Computer-Aided Manufacturingy
Shape Optimization An Introduction to Structural Optimization Shape Optimization And Optimal Designs Shape Sensitivity Analysis Principles of Optimal Design Variational Methods in Shape Optimization Structural Design Optimization	Topology Optimization Topology Optimization 88 lines code TopOpt@DTU Topology Optimization Guide

Software & Library

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OpenGL	OpenGL.ORG, NeHe, Song Ho's, VideoLecturesRock, OpenGL-Tutorial, Nate Robins' RedBook (Code), SuperBible, WikiBooks
Numerical	MATLAB, Mathematica, Maple PETSc, Eigen, Armadillo FreeFEM, GetFEM; B-E-M, FastBEM; GeoPDEs, Igafem, PetIGA
3D/CAx	NX, Catia, ProE, SolidWorks, AutoCAD, OnShape COMSOL, SIMULIA, ANSYS, Nastran, HyperWorks, BEASY, Rhino3D, 3dsMax, Maya, Sketchup, Blender, Cinema4D
Mesh/Point	Geomagic, VRMesh MeshLab, OpenMesh, Gmesh, OpenFlipper, Graphite Pointshop3D, PCL, CloudCompare
Image/Volume	Mimics, OsiriX, 3DSlicer, 4DICOM
Development	CGAL, LEDA, OpenCV, OpenSceneGraph
Visualization	JT, VTK, Paraview, Tecplot, Geomview
GUI	FLTK, wxWidgets, GTK, QT
Kernels	Parasolid, ACIS, Open CASCADE, IntelliCAD, BRL-CAD, C3D, sgCore

Data Sets

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Mesh	Aim@Shape, Stanford, MIT (Deformation, Dynamic), GaTech, Princeton, Utah, Brown, Keenan's, CGV, Weise's, Washington, FastScan, UBC, LOD
Image	CMU, CalTech, CAVIAR, USC, USF, Face-Rec, UMass
Volume	Stanford, TU, Volvis, DigiMorph, Voreen, FAU, OSIRIX, Utah, UIowa, Aycan, Dicom info
Other	UCI Repository, Damodaran's, KDnuggets

Miscellaneous

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Mathamatics	Multivariable Calculus, Paul's Notes, Bugman
Numerics	IEEE754 Converter, Floating Point Arithmetic Primer
Geometry/Graphics	Graphics Literature Portal, Real-Time Rendering, Volume Rendering, Computer Vision Compendium, Illuminations, Optical Illusions